Engineering Liposomes in Microfluidic Mixing: The Critical Role of Lipid Membrane Properties in Formation and Precise Size Control

-dimethyl-2-naphthylamine (Laurdan) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH). The effects of the lipid membrane properties were examined under different conditions, including total flow rate, flow rate ratio, and lipid concentration. By comparing a theoretical model, we discuss the liposome formation mechanism and its impact on the particle size. Our results highlight significant roles of membrane properties in liposome formation and particle size in microfluidic systems, offering insights for optimizing liposome preparation.