Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) in Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review of Material Properties, Fabrication Methods, and Biofunctional Potential

Abstract Nanotechnology has emerged as an innovative paradigm to tackle significant challenges within the biomedical domain, markedly improving healthcare outcomes. Synthetic aliphatic and aromatic polyesters are extensively employed in biomedical contexts, with copolyesters garnering increasing scholarly interest for their capacity to amalgamate the benefits of both aromatic and aliphatic constituents. About these materials, poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is remarkable for its spirited formulation, courtesy of its notable qualities, positioning it as an achievable substitute for different biomedical functions. The integration of functional nanoparticles and polymers within PBAT further augments its mechanical integrity, bioactivity, and overall utility in applications. Alongside, practices such as electrospinning, solvent casting, and 3D printing have been introduced to heighten the porosity and hydrophilicity of PBAT, thereby refining its biofunctional traits.
Despite its advantages, PBAT remains quite overlooked when stacked against other biodegradable polymers, especially concerning its biocompatibility and bioactivity. This review seeks to fill this lacuna by examining PBAT’s material characteristics, fabrication methodologies, and their resultant effects on its mechanical, bioactive, and biocompatible properties. It also underscores the biomedical applications of PBAT-based composites and blends. By synthesizing contemporary research, this article aspires to furnish significant insights for the development of innovative PBAT-based solutions within the biomedical arena, thereby laying a foundation for forthcoming advancements.