Simulator sickness - causes, consequences and measures. A literature review

The knowledge overview deals with simulator sickness, for example, why it occurs, the symptoms, and what measures can alleviate the symptoms. Image systems which extend a long way sideways, 90º turns and rapid changes of speed are examples of factors which can give rise to simulator sickness. The effect of movement is less clear, positive effects and the lack of effects have both been observed. There are also individual differences, including sex and age, which can affect sensitivity to simulator sickness. By excluding tight bends, complex environments, start and stop situations in the scenarios, the frequency of simulator sickness is reduced. In short exposures, there is less risk of simulator sickness occurring. Repeated exposures can result in the trial participants getting used to the simulator environment. Also, persons who do not consider themselves to be at all sensitive as regards motion sickness can be affected by simulator sickness, for which reason, previous experience of motion sickness is not a good predictor of simulator sickness. Experience of simulator sickness in VTI's research simulator is summarised. The problems have been reduced, largely thanks to simulator design. Finally, relevant aspects are discussed as regards the planning of a study of simulator sickness in a VTI simulator.