Lucidone from Lindera erythrocarpa Makino fruits suppresses adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and attenuates obesity and consequent metabolic disorders in high-fat diet C57BL/6 mice

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of development of numerous diseases including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of lucidone in vitro on gene expression during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and in vivo on high-fat diet induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice. Lucidone at 40 μmol/L suppressed adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells by reducing transcription levels of adipogenic genes, including PPARγ, C/EBPα, LXR-α, LPL, aP2, GLUT4 and adiponectin. Five-week-old male C57BL/6 mice fed a high fat diet (60% energy from fat) supplemented with lucidone at a dosage of 1250 mg/kg of diet for 12 weeks had reduced body and liver weight, reduced epididymal and perirenal adipose tissue, decreased food efficiency (percentage of weight gain divided by food intake), and lowered plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, and insulin levels. Dissection of adipose tissue from lucidone-treated mice showed a reduction in the average fat-cell size and percentage of large adipocytes. These results provide evidence that dietary intake of lucidone alleviates high fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice and reveals the potential of lucidone as a nutraceutical to prevent obesity and consequent metabolic disorders.