心理学
感觉
贫穷
认知
社会心理学
情感(语言学)
疏远
心情
柱头(植物学)
干预(咨询)
发展心理学
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)
神经科学
经济
病理
传染病(医学专业)
精神科
疾病
医学
经济增长
沟通
作者
Crystal C. Hall,Jiaying Zhao,Eldar Shafir
标识
DOI:10.1177/0956797613510949
摘要
The poor are universally stigmatized. The stigma of poverty includes being perceived as incompetent and feeling shunned and disrespected. It can lead to cognitive distancing, diminish cognitive performance, and cause the poor to forego beneficial programs. In the present research, we examined how self-affirmation can mitigate the stigma of poverty through randomized field experiments involving low-income individuals at an inner-city soup kitchen. Because of low literacy levels, we used an oral rather than written affirmation procedure, in which participants verbally described a personal experience that made them feel successful or proud. Compared with nonaffirmed participants, affirmed individuals exhibited better executive control, higher fluid intelligence, and a greater willingness to avail themselves of benefits programs. The effects were not driven by elevated positive mood, and the same intervention did not affect the performance of wealthy participants. The findings suggest that self-affirmation can improve the cognitive performance and decisions of the poor, and it may have important policy implications.
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