材料科学
电解质
锂(药物)
无定形固体
氧化物
插层(化学)
电池(电)
同步加速器
电极
纳米尺度
金属
金属锂
离子
纳米技术
化学物理
无机化学
化学
物理化学
结晶学
功率(物理)
有机化学
核物理学
冶金
内分泌学
物理
医学
量子力学
作者
Yan‐Yan Hu,Zigeng Liu,Kyung‐Wan Nam,Olaf J. Borkiewicz,Jun Cheng,Xiao Hua,Matthew T. Dunstan,Xiqian Yu,Kamila M. Wiaderek,Lin‐Shu Du,Karena W. Chapman,Peter J. Chupas,Xiao‐Qing Yang,Clare P. Grey
出处
期刊:Nature Materials
[Springer Nature]
日期:2013-11-03
卷期号:12 (12): 1130-1136
被引量:641
摘要
Metal fluorides/oxides (MF(x)/M(x)O(y)) are promising electrodes for lithium-ion batteries that operate through conversion reactions. These reactions are associated with much higher energy densities than intercalation reactions. The fluorides/oxides also exhibit additional reversible capacity beyond their theoretical capacity through mechanisms that are still poorly understood, in part owing to the difficulty in characterizing structure at the nanoscale, particularly at buried interfaces. This study employs high-resolution multinuclear/multidimensional solid-state NMR techniques, with in situ synchrotron-based techniques, to study the prototype conversion material RuO2. The experiments, together with theoretical calculations, show that a major contribution to the extra capacity in this system is due to the generation of LiOH and its subsequent reversible reaction with Li to form Li2O and LiH. The research demonstrates a protocol for studying the structure and spatial proximities of nanostructures formed in this system, including the amorphous solid electrolyte interphase that grows on battery electrodes.
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