Irreversible capacities of graphite anode for lithium-ion batteries

电解质 插层(化学) 化学 碳酸乙烯酯 碳酸丙烯酯 石墨 锂(药物) 电化学 介电谱 无机化学 阳极 溶剂 电极 有机化学 物理化学 内分泌学 医学
作者
Chunsheng Wang,A. John Appleby,Frank E. Little
出处
期刊:Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:519 (1-2): 9-17 被引量:54
标识
DOI:10.1016/s0022-0728(01)00708-2
摘要

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and in-situ intrinsic resistance measurements were applied to sandwiched disk graphite electrodes to investigate the mechanism of formation of irreversible capacity during initial galvanostatic or potentiostatic lithium intercalation into graphite in four different electrolyte formulations. The stability of the solid ∣ electrolyte interphase (SEI) film formed during pre-cycling eight times between 1.5 and 0.2 V versus Li ∣ Li+ in 1.0 M LiPF6+ethylene carbonate (EC) based electrolytes was studied using EIS and in-situ intrinsic resistance measurements during subsequent cycling in the same electrolyte between 0.4 and 0.0 V, and in 1 M LiPF6–propylene carbonate (PC) between 0.4 and 0.0 V. The purpose of the first set of results was to investigate the effect of the volume change resulting from stage transformation during Li intercalation–deintercalation on the stability of the previously formed SEI film. The second measurements were taken to study the reaction of the corresponding film in PC electrolyte. Results show that the two potential plateaus at around 0.9 and 0.6 V in the first galvanostic charge largely correspond to solvated Li intercalation into graphite with some contribution from the formation of the SEI film. In EC-containing mixtures, this solvent has little influence on co-intercalation at 0.9 V, but can effectively inhibit the process at 0.6 V. Potentiostatic charging at 0.2 or 0.7 V accelerates co-intercalation. Although the SEI film formed during cycling in EC-containing electrolytes can inhibit PC co-intercalation during subsequent cycles in the presence of this solvent, a new layer of different SEI film may also form.
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