Analyzing the relationship between natural resource management, environmental protection, and agricultural economics for sustainable development in China

Sustainable development is crucial for achieving a balance between economic growth, social well-being, and environmental preservation. This study aims to evaluate the dimensions of natural resource management, environmental protection, and agricultural economics for promoting sustainable development in China. In this regard, the fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) approaches are used for the analysis. The hybrid approach combines the benefits of fuzzy logic and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, allowing for the consideration of uncertainties and imprecise data in decision-making. The study incorporates six criteria, twenty-four sub-criteria, and five strategies in a comprehensive evaluation framework. According to the results obtained using the fuzzy AHP method, it is evident that the primary criteria influencing sustainable development in China are economic viability, policy and governance, and environmental impact. Within these criteria, specific sub-criteria such as cost-effectiveness, policy alignment, air quality, and social inclusion emerge as key areas of focus. Furthermore, the results of the fuzzy VIKOR method show that investing in research and innovation, strengthening environmental regulations, and strengthening climate change adaptation are the most suited strategies to guide sustainable development efforts. To ensure sustainable development in China, policymakers need to give importance to implementing strategies stressing research and innovation, strengthened environmental regulations, and enhanced climate change adaptation.