The Wheat Annexin TaAnn12 Plays Positive Roles in Plant Disease Resistance by Regulating the Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Callose

(1) Annexins are proteins that bind phospholipids and calcium ions in cell membranes and mediate signal transduction between Ca2+ and cell membranes. They play key roles in plant immunity. (2) In this study, virus mediated gene silencing and the heterologous overexpression of TaAnn12 in Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 trials were used to determine whether the wheat annexin TaAnn12 plays a positive role in plant disease resistance. (3) During the incompatible interaction between wheat cv. Suwon 11 and the Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) race CYR23, the expression of TaAnn12 was significantly upregulated at 24 h post inoculation (hpi). Silencing TaAnn12 in wheat enhanced the susceptibility to Pst. The salicylic acid hormone contents in the TaAnn12-silenced plants were significantly reduced. The overexpression of TaAnn12 in A. thaliana significantly increased resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and the symptoms of the wild-type plants were more serious than those of the transgenic plants; the amounts of bacteria were significantly lower than those in the control group, the accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)and callose deposition increased, and the expression of resistance-related genes (AtPR1, AtPR2, and AtPR5) significantly increased. (4) Our results suggest that wheat TaAnn12 resisted the invasion of pathogens by inducing the production and accumulation of ROS and callose.