Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) collaborative search is a key task. In this case, multiple USV need to work together to achieve target search and positioning. Path planning is one of the core issues in collaborative search. This article takes multiple USV formations as the research object and discusses target search methods in the formation form. By analyzing the formation search problem, a formation collaborative search method is designed that can meet the requirements of regional coverage and improve overall search efficiency. Finally, through simulation verification, this article proves that the proposed path planning method can effectively improve search efficiency, and has good applicability and stability. The research results of this article have important practical application value for improving the efficiency and capability of maritime anti-submarine cooperative operations.