Optimizing Co2+ concentration on high-index Co3O4 facets enhances the catalytic performance in NaBH4 hydrolysis

Hydrogen is a viable alternative to fossil fuels due to its clean-burning properties and high energy density. However, a key challenge lies in the environmentally friendly production and storage of H2. NaBH4 could provide a solution by efficiently storing and releasing H2 through hydrolysis. Current catalysts for NaBH4 hydrolysis often contain cobalt (Co) and precious metals, raising concerns about their environmental impact and cost. To address this, this work proposes the development of efficient Co-only catalysts. Specifically, we explore the role of different crystal facets, specifically (311) and (220), in Co3O4 nanoparticles, demonstrating that an elevated CoO concentration in the (220) facet results in better catalysis for NaBH4 hydrolysis compared to traditional Co/precious metal composites. This improved catalyst shows promise for sustained use and minimal loss of catalytic activity, making it a potential solution for clean H2 production. Additionally, the findings may have broader applications in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis.