Research on the parameter design, atomization characteristics, and dust suppression efficiency of gas–liquid internal mixing nozzles

To better understand and comprehend the impact of structural parameters on the performance of gas–liquid two-phase internal mixing nozzles, the flow characteristics, atomization characteristics, and the structure of the atomization field of six gas–liquid two-phase internal mixing nozzles with varying structural parameters were examined using the spray characteristic test system. The test results were then compared and analyzed. The research results indicate that an increase in nozzle diameter results in a corresponding increase in both nozzle air flow and water flow. The newly added groove structure within the nozzle significantly enhances water flow. The use of a 140° chamfered outlet in nozzle design has been proven to significantly enhance air flow. As water supply pressure increases, the effective nozzle range decreases. Conversely, as nozzle diameter increases, nozzle spray range initially increases and then decreases. Additionally, the atomization angle and droplet size typically show an upward trend. The introduction of the groove structure significantly improves atomization characteristics, while the 140° chamfered outlet does not result in significant atomization improvement. The atomization field structures of different nozzles vary. Research indicates that when the nozzle diameter is 2.5 mm, the spray range can reach approximately 477.5 cm, increasing droplet volume concentration and improving dust removal efficiency, with the highest dust removal efficiency exceeding 90%.