Prevalence and Diagnosis of Malnutrition in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluating the Value of NRS2002 and SGA Scores

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the value of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) scores in diagnosing malnutrition in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 90 patients with CKD admitted to our hospital from July 2023 to July 2024. Patient demographics were collected, and patients were grouped based on age, using 60 years as the cutoff. Clinical data were collected, and the number of cases with malnutrition and normal nutrition assessed by NRS2002 and SGA scores was calculated for different age and gender groups of CKD patients. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between NRS2002 scores, SGA scores, and clinical data among CKD patients of different genders. Binary multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of malnutrition in CKD patients evaluated by NRS2002 scores and SGA scores. Results: Among the CKD patients, 45.46% were classified as malnourished based on BMI, 72.22% based on NRS2002 scores, and 60.00% based on SGA scores. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between NRS2002 and SGA scores. Furthermore, NRS2002 scores and SGA scores exhibited a significant positive correlation with age (P<0.001). Binary multivariable logistic regression analysis identified Stage IV, age, BMI, RBC, Tp, PA, ALB, and GFR as significant factors associated with malnutrition in CKD patients. Conclusion: The NRS2002 and SGA scores are valuable tools for diagnosing malnutrition in CKD patients. Early detection and management of malnutrition can improve patient outcomes in this population.