Autophagy dictates PHGDH-mediated serine metabolism in a timely manner to support oocyte development

aa: amino acid; CALCOCO2/NDP52: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; COCs: cumulus-oocyte complexes; CQ: chloroquine; DEG: differentially expressed gene; GV: germinal vesicle; GVBD: germinal vesicle breakdown; IGF1: insulin-like growth factor 1; MII: metaphase II stage of meiosis; OPTN: optineurin; Pb1: first polar body: PHGDH: 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SAM: s-adenosylmethionine; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; Ub: ubiquitin; WT: wild-type.