Highly Promising 2D/1D BP‐C/CNT Bionic Opto‐Olfactory Co‐Sensory Artificial Synapses for Multisensory Integration

Abstract The development of high‐performance artificial synaptic neuromorphic devices poses a significant challenge in the creation of biomimetic sensing neural systems that seamlessly integrate both sensory and computational functionalities. In pursuit of this objective, promising bionic opto‐olfactory co‐sensory artificial synapse devices are constructed utilizing the BP‐C/CNT (2D/1D) hybrid filter membrane as the resistive layer. Experimental results demonstrated that the devices seamlessly integrated the light modulation, gas detection, and biological synaptic functions into a single device while addressing the challenge with separating artificial synaptic devices from sensors. These devices offered the following advantages: 1) Simulating visual synapses, they can effectively replicate fundamental synaptic functions under both electrical and optical stimulation. 2) By emulating olfactory synapse responses to specific gases, they can achieve ultra‐low detection limits and rapid identification of ethanol and acetone gases. 3) They enable photo‐olfactory co‐sensing simulations that mimic synaptic function under light‐modulated pulse conditions in distinct gas environments, facilitating the study of synaptic learning rules and Pavlovian responses. This work provides a pioneering approach for exploring highly stable 2D BP‐based optoelectronics and advancing the development of biomimetic neural systems.