Tumor-Associated Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Promote the Progression of Gastric Cancer by Regulating the P38MAPK Signaling Pathway and the Immune Checkpoint PD-L1

This study demonstrated that M2-Exos promoted proliferation and migration and inhibited the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Mechanically, M2-Exos may promote gastric cancer progression through the P38MAPK signaling pathway and achieve immune escape through elevating the expression of PD-L1.