Effect of Sertraline, Dosulepin, and Venlafaxine on Non-BDNF Neurotrophins in Patients With Depression

The neurotrophic hypothesis of depression has been mostly studied with a focus on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) leading to lack of data on non-BDNF neurotrophins (NTs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antidepressant drugs on changes in serum nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin 4 (NT-4).A prospective cohort study was conducted on 105 patients with depression who were subgrouped to the group 1 (mild and moderate depression without somatic syndrome treated with sertraline), group 2 (mild and moderate depression with somatic syndrome treated with dosulepin), and group 3 (severe depression without psychotic symptoms treated with venlafaxine). At baseline, the severity of depression (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]), serum NGF, NT-3, and NT-4 were estimated. Thirty-five healthy volunteers were recruited as controls for a baseline comparison of NTs. All patients were followed up after 6 weeks to evaluate the changes in NT levels and correlate it with the change in MADRS scores.At baseline, NT levels were significantly lower in patients with depression in comparison with healthy control. In group 1, serum NGF, NT-3, and NT-4 level were found to increase significantly after treatment, whereas changes in groups 2 and 3 were statistically not significant. Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale score and serum NGF at baseline had an inverse relation (r = -0.648), whereas the change in MADRS score in sertraline group had a positive correlation (r = 0.86) with the change of serum NGF.Monotherapy with sertraline increased the level of non-BDNF NTs; however, treatment with dosulepin and venlafaxine did not produce any significant changes in patients with depression.