The Influence of Perceived Anthropomorphism and Social Presence on AI Interface User Experience: A Systematic Review

This meta-analytic systematic review synthesized 24 studies to examine the relationship between perceived anthropomorphism, social presence, and user experience (UX) with AI-driven agents. The findings reveal a significantly positive overall effect (r = 0.5), indicating these perceptions substantially enhance UX. The strength of this relationship varied by AI format; service robots and avatars demonstrated the strongest effects, while chatbots and voice assistants showed moderately positive ones. The analysis also highlights that social presence often has a stronger influence than anthropomorphism alone. Furthermore, the review identifies key methodological issues, such as unstandardized measures, suggesting a need for greater consistency in future research. These findings provide actionable insights for designing effective AI interfaces and contribute to the theoretical understanding of human-AI interaction.