An Investigation of the Expectancy Theory Elements for Motivating Employees

Since 1960s researchers have shown great interest in motivation. The research focus has been placed on the motivation process of employees in addition to the rewards which individuals find motivating. Through the interview method and a literature review this paper uncovers the key sources of motivation among employees in some countries including Iran, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. This study tries to find the applicable expectancy elements in Victor Vroom's expectancy theory in order to be used for motivating employees.