尿
泌尿系统
组内相关
摄入
三氯乙酸
血液取样
排泄
生物标志物
自来水
肌酐
化学
生理学
医学
内科学
色谱法
生物化学
再现性
环境科学
环境工程
作者
Weiping Zhang,Stephan Gabos,Donald Schopflocher,Xing‐Fang Li,Wendy P. Gati,Steve E. Hrudey
出处
期刊:Biomarkers
[Informa]
日期:2009-07-07
卷期号:14 (6): 355-365
被引量:24
标识
DOI:10.1080/13547500903079186
摘要
This study was designed to analyse the reliability of using urinary and blood trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) as a biomarker of exposure. A total of 46 healthy women consumed supplied TCAA-containing tap water for 15 days and provided urine and blood samples for TCAA measurements. The findings revealed that the reliability of measurements was excellent by using measures of TCAA ingestion, blood concentration and urinary excretion (intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) > 0.75, p < 0.001). Volume of tap water consumption (ICC = 0.69) and creatinine-adjusted urinary concentration (ICC = 0.72) were less reliable. This indicated that the intraindividual variability was small and the interindividual reliability was high by using these measures in this cohort study. Laboratory variability did not significantly contribute to total variance (ICC > 0.95, p < 0.001). Other possible sources of variation such as bathing, showering, dishwashing and physical activities were unlikely to contribute significantly to total variance. For sampling strategies, 1-day blood sampling and 2-day urine sampling are sufficient to achieve reliability for an epidemiological study if a quasi-steady-state TCAA level in the body is reached. The results suggest that TCAA ingestion, TCAA loading in blood and urinary TCAA excretion are reliable measures for use as biomarkers in epidemiological studies.
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