X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of red oak- (Quercus rubra), black cherry- (Prunus serotina) and red pine- (Pinus resinosa) extracted wood surfaces

Surface and Interface AnalysisVolume 37, Issue 8 p. 689-694 Research ArticleFree Access X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of red oak- (Quercus rubra), black cherry- (Prunus serotina) and red pine- (Pinus resinosa) extracted wood surfaces Pascal Nzokou, Corresponding Author Pascal Nzokou [email protected] Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USADepartment of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.Search for more papers by this authorD. Pascal Kamdem, D. Pascal Kamdem Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USASearch for more papers by this author Pascal Nzokou, Corresponding Author Pascal Nzokou [email protected] Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USADepartment of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.Search for more papers by this authorD. Pascal Kamdem, D. Pascal Kamdem Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 17 June 2005 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.2064Citations: 72AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study of black cherry (Prunus serotina), red oak (Quercus rubra), and red pine (Pinus resinosa) wood samples extracted with ethanol, ethanol—toluene, and water was conducted to evaluate chemical modifications occurring on the wood surface due to wood extractives, and derive possible implications for wood utilization. Results obtained indicate an increase in the O/C values following extraction treatments due to the partial removal of high carbon content extractives. The C 1s peaks indicated a decrease in the area of the C1 peak, known to originate from lignin and extractives following extraction. At the same time, a rise in the C2 peak (mainly originating from cellulose and hemicelluloses) was observed, indicating that more cellulose was exposed on the wood surface following extraction. The O 1s peaks showed an increase in the O1 peak originating from cellulose, therefore confirming the trend observed for C 1s peaks. These results suggest that extracted wood is more wettable because of the increased exposure of high-oxygen-content cellulose molecules, known to be more hydrophilic than lignin and high carbon content extractives. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. REFERENCES 1Hillis WE. Heartwood and Tree Exudates. Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1987; 268. 2Stamm AJ. Surface properties of cellulosic material. In Wood Chemistry ( 2nd edn), EW Louis, EJ Jahn (eds). Reinhold: New York, 1952. 3Nearn WJ. Effect of Water-Soluble Extractives on the Volumetric Shrinkage and Equilibrium Moisture Content of Eleven Tropical and Domestic Woods, Bulletin 598. Pennsylvania State University, Agricultural Experiment Station: University Park, 1955; 38. 4Nzokou P, Kamdem DP. 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