坏死性小肠结肠炎
医学
势垒函数
微生物群
肠内给药
小肠结肠炎
败血症
发病机制
肠道通透性
免疫学
肠外营养
疾病
重症监护医学
胃肠病学
生物信息学
病理
内科学
生物
细胞生物学
作者
K. Brooke Snyder,Catherine J. Hunter
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2023.151310
摘要
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease that affects premature neonates. It frequently results in significant morbidity and mortality for those affected. Years of research into the pathophysiology of NEC have revealed it to be a variable and multifactorial disease. However, there are risk factors associated with NEC including low birth weight, prematurity, intestinal immaturity, alterations in microbial colonization, and history of rapid or formula based enteral feeds (Fig. 1).1-3 An accepted generalization of the pathogenesis of NEC includes a hyperresponsive immune reaction to insults such as ischemia, starting formula feeds, or alterations in the microbiome with pathologic bacterial colonization and translocation. This reaction causes a hyperinflammatory response disrupting the normal intestinal barrier, allowing abnormal bacterial translocation and ultimately sepsis.1,2,4 This review will focus specifically on the interactions with the microbiome and intestinal barrier function in NEC.
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