Effect of Folic Acid on Avascular Bone Necrosis in mice Associated with Hypercholesterolemia

To comprehend the etiology of avascular necrosis better, many experimental models are available.Femoral head osteonecrosis, commonly known as avascular bone necrosis.is a condition with a complex origin that is defined by a significant alteration in the structure of the bones, which lowers bone resistance and causes femoral head collapse.Between February and April 2022, this study was conducted with the goals of creating a mouse model for the production of avascular necrosis (AVN) using HFD and examining the impact of folic acid on bone health.Lipid indices were found to assess how FA affected the mice's HFD-fed lipid metabolism.HE staining was used to detect morphological and structural changes in the bone.The findings of this study demonstrated that AVN had a malfunction of lipid metabolism.The mean levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the AVN group were significantly greater than those in the control group.Serum triglycerides were decreased in groups with FA supplementation, with the most pronounced reduction in the groups of mice that take folic acid before one week from taking HFD.The mean Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values were significantly lower in the AVN + folic acid group compared with those in the HFD control group.The HFD control group's histological investigation using hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed necrotic bone, lacunae containing necrotic osteocytes, and multiple cavities that indicated lack of content, a sign that the osteocytes inside had died.Chondrocyte degradation was seen in addition to necrotic bone marrow.Additionally, it was discovered that the majority of bone trabeculae had necrotic lesions that had damaged them, and that the femur had a buildup of lipid droplets.Both folic acid-treated groups showed a decrease in osteonecrosis and an improvement in the lesion in the trabecular bone tissue.