Ultrahigh-channel-count OAM mode conversion utilizing a hybrid few-mode fiber configuration

We propose and demonstrate a hybrid few-mode fiber configuration (HFMFC) that enables ultrahigh-channel-count orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode conversion. The HFMFC consists of periodically twisted graded-index few-mode fiber segments and a step-index few-mode fiber segment. Our proposed HFMFC-based multichannel OAM mode converter (OAM-MC) offers an exceptionally high channel count in a wide bandwidth, with customizable channel spacing down to 50 GHz (∼0.4 nm), achieved through optimization of the structural parameters of the HFMFC. By employing this methodology, we have successfully demonstrated 10, 32, 117, and 233 channel OAM mode conversions covering the entire C + L band, representing the highest performance among all reported fiber-based multichannel OAM-MCs to date, for the first time to the best of our knowledge. The suggested ultrahigh-channel-count OAM-MC exhibits promising potential for applications in various fields such as OAM fiber communication, OAM holography, OAM information processing, and OAM metrology.