Factors influencing labial bone resorption after implant insertion with simultaneous guided bone regeneration: retrospective cone beam computed tomography study

This retrospective study examined factors influencing labial bone resorption in the anterior maxilla 6 months after implant insertion with simultaneous guided bone regeneration. Involving 79 patients (118 implants), the study measured labial horizontal bone width and vertical dimensions using cone beam computed tomography scans taken immediately after surgery and at 6 months. A generalized linear mixed model analyzed potential influencing factors: age, sex, implant site, timing of placement, buccal bone width at the implant platform level post-surgery, implant connection, and bone defect morphology. Significant bone resorption was noted at 6 months. The statistical analysis revealed that buccal bone width at the implant platform, implant connection, and bone defect morphology significantly impacted labial bone resorption, while patient age, sex, timing of placement, and implant site did not. Implants with a buccal bone width ≥2 mm showed significantly less labial horizontal and vertical bone resorption (horizontal P < 0.001, vertical P = 0.001), and healing abutments reduced resorption compared to cover screws (horizontal P = 0.002, vertical P = 0.034). More significant vertical resorption occurred in non-contained bone defects after guided bone regeneration (P = 0.040).