纳米材料
材料科学
纳米技术
膜
反向电渗析
渗透压
能量转换
电解质
渗透力
渗透
电渗析
生化工程
正渗透
化学
反渗透
工程类
生物化学
物理
电极
物理化学
热力学
作者
Shangzhen Li,Wang Jin,Yongtao Lv,Zheng Cui,L. Wang
标识
DOI:10.1002/adfm.202308176
摘要
Abstract Harvesting clean and renewable osmotic energy through reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology offers a promising solution to address energy crisis problems. The development of nanochannel membranes constructed from diverse nanomaterials plays a crucial role in enabling efficient osmotic energy conversion. In this review, first an overview of the mechanism of the RED process is provided and the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, covering 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials, and the osmotic conversion performances of the constructed nanochannel membranes. Then, the relationship between chemical properties and structural features of nanochannel membranes is specifically highlighted, including surface charge property and geometric structure, and osmotic energy conversion efficiency. Additionally, the introduction of external stimuli, such as light, temperature, pH, external pressure, and changes in electrolyte environments, are also discussed. Finally, the research directions and future challenges in the field of osmotic energy harvesting using nanochannel membranes based on nanomaterials are presented. The focus is on refining the osmotic conversion mechanism, as well as optimizing the structure design.
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