医学
肉毒毒素
皱纹
患者满意度
临床实习
外科
物理疗法
老年学
作者
Shuo Liu,Li-Yao Cong,Marisa Pongprutthipan,Won Lee,Xiang Luo,Xuefeng Han,Dan Li,Hyoung-Jin Moon,Hang Wang
出处
期刊:Aesthetic Surgery Journal
[Oxford University Press]
日期:2023-05-23
卷期号:43 (11): NP962-NP974
被引量:2
摘要
Treatment of wrinkles and dynamic lines with botulinum toxin has been a routine practice for years in aesthetic clinical settings. The effective treatment of wrinkles requires a comprehensive understanding of facial expression muscles and their interactions, the mechanism of action of botulinum toxin, and individual patient preferences. The dose adjustment practice and injection technique of physicians are affected by cultural differences; most Asian patients prefer natural-looking results. This article aims to present an expert consensus on the injection sites, doses, and levels of botulinum toxin for various indications in Asians, with the hope of providing guidance to some clinicians. This consensus paper reviews LetibotulinumtoxinA for patient evaluation, dosage, and delivery techniques in Asians from the time LetibotulinumtoxinA was approved up to December 2022. Panelists proposed individualized treatment plans for botulinum toxin type A (BTxA) treatments in 3 areas-wrinkle removal, contour adjustment, and face lifting-for Asians based on their extensive experience and knowledge of facial anatomy. When using a different BTxA, clinicians should start with a conservative dose and carefully individualize the treatment for each patient, and adjust it according to feedback to obtain a higher satisfaction level.
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