A comprehensive review on the scalable and sustainable synthesis of covalent organic frameworks

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as a burgeoning class of crystalline porous materials have attracted widespread interest due to their designable structures and customized functions. However, the solvothermal synthesis of COFs is often time-consuming and conducted at a high temperature within a sealed vessel, and also requires a large amount of poisonous solvents, which is generally not available for scaling-up production and commercial application. In recent years, great efforts have been made to explore simple, green, and efficient approaches for COFs synthesis. In this comprehensive review, we summarized the advances in emergent strategies by highlighting their distinct features. Fundamental issues and future directions are also discussed with the object of bringing implications for large-scale and sustainable fabrication of COFs. Recent advances in scalable and sustainable fabrication of covalent organic frameworks are comprehensively reviewed from aspects of efficient, green and ambient synthesis by highlighting their distinct features.