自闭症
生殖力
心理学
心理理论
认知
认知灵活性
发展心理学
执行职能
自闭症谱系障碍
认知心理学
社会认知
灵活性(工程)
工作记忆
神经心理学
神经科学
数学
统计
作者
Cherie Green,Natasha J. Brown,Valerie Yap,Ingrid E. Scheffer,Sarah J. Wilson
摘要
Little is known about executive functions (EFs) associated with advanced theory of mind (ToM) abilities. We aimed to determine if advanced ToM abilities were reduced in individuals with subclinical traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), known as the “Broader Autism Phenotype” (BAP), and identify the EFs that predicted unimpaired performance on an advanced ToM task, the faux pas test. We assessed 29 participants (13 males) with the BAP who were relatives of children with ASD. Thirteen participants showed reduced ability to understand a faux pas. A discriminant function analysis correctly classified 79% of cases as impaired or unimpaired, with high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (77%), which was best predicted by language‐mediated EFs, including verbal generativity, working memory, cognitive inhibition, and flexibility. Autism Res 2020, 13 : 921‐934. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Little is known about the complex cognitive processes that enable accurate interpretation of another person's thoughts and emotions, known as “theory of mind.” In relatives of individuals with autism, who had mild traits of autism themselves, approximately half had difficulty interpreting situations involving a social faux pas. Cognitive inhibition and flexibility, working memory, and verbal generativity were related to, and appeared to be protective for, unimpaired understanding of a faux pas.
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