Innovation of upper urinary tract stone treatment: from passive to active

Traditional expulsive methods, such as a high fluid intaking, more physical activity and medical expulsive therapy, was aimed at increasing voiding volume, frequency and strength of ureter movement, dilating ureter to detach the stone from mucosa and facilitate the stone clearance. It is usually termed as passive . The external physical vibration lithecbole system has gradually attracted the urologist's attention in recent years. This system develops a simple harmonic to drive the stone explusion along the urinary tract, which was named this new concept as active . The clinic safety and efficacy of active lithecbole has been proved during recent 5 years. In this paper, we reviewed the treatment of upper urinary tract stone from passive lithecbole to active lithecbole, and discussed the innovation of this concept altering. Key words: Upper urinary tract stone; Conservative treatment; Passive lithecbole; Active lithecbole