Research Trends and Guidelines for Field Application of omega-3 Fatty Acids in Exercise-induced Muscle Damage

Omega-3 fatty acids are well known as essential fatty acids and include eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). The purpose of this study is to determine the research trends of omega-3 fatty acids in exercise-induced muscle damage and to provide field application guidelines. According to several studies, omega-3 fatty acids positively affected changes in maximal muscle strength, delayed onset muscle soreness, range of motion, and cell membrane damage indicators after exercise-induced muscle damage. These effects involved mechanisms such as control of inflammatory response and cell membrane protection. In the field, a “food-first” approach needs to be applied to consume omega-3 fatty acids, and supplementation can be used when needed. When using omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, the type of supplementation, the total content of EPA and DHA, and the timing and duration of intake should be considered.