熏蒸
农学
有益生物体
微生物
土壤有机质
土壤肥力
化学
放线菌门
肥料
土壤生物多样性
环境科学
土壤水分
生物
细菌
土壤科学
16S核糖体RNA
遗传学
生物化学
基因
作者
Qingjie Li,Daqi Zhang,Hongyan Cheng,Lirui Ren,Xi Jin,Wensheng Fang,Dongdong Yan,Yuan Li,Qiuxia Wang,Aocheng Cao
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114666
摘要
Soil fumigation can reduce the impact of soil-borne diseases, weeds and insect pests on commercial crop production. Unfortunately, fumigation also kills beneficial microorganisms. In this study, we explored if dazomet fumigation could be used in combination with organic fertilizers (silicon fertilizer, potassium humate organic fertilizer, Bacillus microbial fertilizer, and mixtures of the last two) to reduce its impact on soil beneficial microorganisms. We evaluated the effects of adding these fertilizers after fumigation on the soil's physical and chemical properties and its enzyme activities, as well as its effects on the soil microbial communities under continuous production for >20 years. We found that fertilizers applied after fumigation increased the soil nitrate nitrogen content by 11.6%-29.4%, increased available potassium content by 5.6%-26.3% and increased organic matter content by 28.5%-48.8%. In addition, soil conductivity and water content increased significantly by 8.2%-26.5% and 8.0%-16.0%, respectively. The activities of soil catalase and soil sucrase were significantly increased by 6.2%-15.9% and 133.1%-238.5%, respectively. High-throughput DNA sequencing showed that fertilizers applied after fumigation increased the relative abundance of the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Ascomycota; and the genera Sphingomonas, Chaetomium and Mortierella. Silicon fertilizer applied after fumigation has the most significant promotion effect on soil micro-ecological health. The results showed that organic fertilizers applied after fumigation can improve the soil's fertility, activate soil enzyme activities and promote the recovery of soil beneficial microorganisms, which are all factors that improve crop quality and yield.
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