Recent progress in the development of organic dye based near-infrared fluorescence probes for metal ions

Metal ions play important roles in various industrial and biochemical processes. Some metal ions are essential for the survival of humans, animals and plants. However, some metal ions are toxic and hence cause serious health and environmental problems. Because of these features, the detection of metal ions is of great importance. In this review, we summarize various NIR fluorescence probes for metal ions that have been developed in recent years. Additionally, this review includes some personal perspective and insight into how and where this field is progressing and key challenges to be overcome in the future.