Comparative pharmacokinetics study of leonurine and stachydrine in normal rats and rats with cold‐stagnation and blood‐stasis primary dysmenorrhoea after the administration of Leonurus japonicus houtt electuary

Abstract Leonurus japonicus houtt, a well‐known herb of traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to treat gynaecological diseases. In this study, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneously quantifying leonurine and stachydrine, the two main bioactive components in Leonurus japonicus houtt, was developed and validated. Plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation with acetonitrile and separation by a Hewlett Packard XDB‐C8 column (150 × 4.6 mm, id, 5 μm) equipped with a gradient elution system containing methanol‐water and 0.1% formic acid at a flow‐rate of 0.4 mL/min. Components were then detected by a mass spectrometer in positive electrospray ionization mode. This method showed good linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, stability, and negligible matrix effects, which were within acceptable ranges. The method was successfully applied to compare the pharmacokinetics in normal rats and rats with cold‐stagnation and blood‐stasis primary dysmenorrhoea treated with Leonurus japonicus houtt electuary. The result showed significant differences ( p < 0.05) in the pharmacokinetic parameters between the primary dysmenorrhoea and normal groups. This result implied that Leonurus japonicus houtt electuary remained longer and was absorbed slower in rats with primary dysmenorrhoea and exhibited higher bioavailability and peak concentration.