Objective To investigate the changes of plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) and left-ventricle-ejection-acfion(LVEF) in patients with chronic heart failure after Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide(rhBNP) treatment.Method Seventy-eight patients with chronic heart failure for Ⅲ,Ⅳ grade were divided into the control group(n=37)treated with routine therapy and the treatment group(n=41)treated with rhBNP based on routine therapy for one week.After 1 week the changes of BNPand LVEF were observed and compared between two groups.Results After 1 week treatment,The effective rate was 91.89% in treatment group,and 95.12% in control group,but the difference between them was unsignificant(P0.05).The levels of plasma BNP were decreased,while LVEF were ascended in the two groups(P0.01),and the changes were significant diferences bet ween the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion In the patients with chronic heart failure,after treated with rhBNP,LVEF and cardiac function would be improved,while BNP would be decreased.