Anion Substitution Strategy toward an Advanced NASICON-Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Superior sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) greatly need cathode materials with higher capacity and better durability. Herein, the anion group substitution strategy is proposed to design a cathode material with extraordinary Na + storage performance, NASICON-Na 4 Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 1.9 (SiO 4 ) 0.1 P 2 O 7 (NFPP-Si0.1). The experimental and theoretical research revealed that modification in the local structure by anion substitution significantly boosts the ionic/electronic transfer kinetics via optimizing the electronic conductivity and reducing the Na + diffusion energy barrier. Furthermore, the SiO 4 4– substitution generates a slight expansion of the crystal lattice to broaden the Na + diffusion channel. Specifically, the custom-designed NFPP-Si0.1 could deliver a high rate capability of 77.6 mAh g –1 at constant 50 C charge–discharge and excellent recyclability of 79.4% retention rate after 7000 cycles at 10 C. Besides, it also possesses outstanding low temperature reversible capacity of 95.5 mAh g –1 at 0.1 C and long-term cyclability of 93.6% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 5 C in −10 °C. This strategy of heterogeneous and isostructural anion group substitution provides a method for unlocking high-rate and long-life-span mixed polyanionic cathodes.