Hybrid battery thermal management system coupled with paraffin/copper foam composite phase change material

A battery thermal management system (BTMS) using a composite phase change material (CPCM) is proposed for both heat dissipation under fast charging conditions and preheating in low temperature environments. Based on the validated battery thermal model and CPCM model, a parametric study was performed to determine the optimal conditions. As a result, in the proposed concept, the highest maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference are 39.3 °C and 3 °C under 3C charging conditions at room temperature. This is achieved by decreasing the total operating time of the liquid cooling system by 35.2% compared to that of the conventional BTMS, and after the cycle, the latent heat is fully recovered for use in a continuous cycle. Also, under low temperature conditions of −10 °C, the final maximum temperature is 29.2 °C after preheating in the proposed BTMS. The temperature difference is 2.5 °C, which is significantly lower than when applying the existing liquid heating method. Therefore, the proposed BTMS is advantageous in terms of both the cooling performance under fast charging conditions and preheating under low temperature conditions.