Advances in micro/nano-engineered flexible sensor arrays for intelligent human-machine interaction

Flexible pressure sensor arrays have emerged as a key enabling technology in the era of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, offering real-time, distributed, and multidimensional sensing capabilities. The micro/nano-engineered sensor arrays, composed of numerous integrated sensing units, show tremendous potential in human-machine interactions. However, meeting the increasing demands for high-resolution, high-performance area sensing presents critical challenges, including the fabrication of high-density arrays, mitigation of signal crosstalk, and the integrated optimization of sensing performance. This paper briefly summarizes and reviews the existing research strategies of flexible sensor arrays, from high-density sensor array manufacturing technology, anti-crosstalk design of multi-pixel units, performance control methods for sensing units, to intelligent human-machine interaction applications. Finally, a future outlook is proposed in light of the current state to promote the wider application of sensing arrays in human-machine interactions.