Dual-membrane bioinspired nanocarriers for targeted therapy of MRSA-induced acute lung injury and bacteremia

biodistribution studies in ALI mice revealed that the hybrid membrane-coated nanoparticles effectively targeted inflamed lungs, showing a two-fold increase in lung accumulation compared to the unfunctionalized nanoparticles. This targeted delivery significantly reduced the severity of lung damage caused by ALI and bacteremia, including MRSA burden, cytokine/chemokine expression, alveolar edema, and immune cell infiltration. The bioinspired nanocarriers improved the pulmonary targeting of inflamed sites and neutralized the proinflammatory mediators and toxins in the injured lung. No significant toxicity was observed in the healthy mice receiving the nanocarriers. Thus, targeted biomimetic nanocarriers, utilizing antibacterial and anti-inflammatory strategies, show promising benefits for treating pulmonary injury.