微泡
血脑屏障
中枢神经系统
内吞作用
机制(生物学)
炎症
生物
神经科学
细胞外
胞外囊泡
细胞外小泡
细胞
医学
免疫学
小RNA
细胞生物学
生物化学
哲学
遗传学
认识论
基因
作者
Boyue Fan,Jianzhong Gu,Jie Wu,Yifan Sun,Rongrong Huang,Han Shen,Xu Zhang,Zhiyang Li
标识
DOI:10.1166/jbn.2022.3293
摘要
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are difficult to treat and harmful. Many CNS diseases are secondary to peripheral diseases, such as tumor brain metastases (BMS), viral infections and inflammation of the brain, and their pathogenic factors travel through the circulatory system to the brain, eventually leading to lesions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in this process. Recent studies have shown that, extracellular EVs can effectively cross the blood- brain barrier (BBB) through endocytosis and they transmit molecular signals in cell-to-cell communication. Abnormal EVs produced in the lesion portion transport pathogenic factors, including miRNAs, proteins, and virions into the CNS. These pathogenic factors participate in cellular pathways to interfere with homeostasis or are themselves pathogens that directly damage CNS. In addition, different or specific pathological molecules in EVs are potential disease markers. We herein reviewed pathways through which the abnormal EVs cross BBB and adverse effects of abnormal exosomes. We also and summarized their existing detection techniques, so as to provide basis for prevention and early diagnosis of secondary diseases.
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