Effects of soil iron mineral transformation on organic carbon sequestration: a review

铁是地壳中丰度第四高的元素，其可通过多种方式影响土壤有机碳累积，尤其铁氧化物与土壤有机碳相互作用形成的稳定有机-矿物复合物，被认为是土壤可溶性有机碳长期固定的关键地球化学机制。促进土壤固定有机碳不仅可以提高土壤质量和肥力，还是应对全球气候变化的主要策略之一。然而，铁活跃的氧化还原反应和多样化的赋存形态，使其转化过程对土壤有机碳累积和稳定性的影响结果受到诸多生物和非生物因素调控。从不同角度，结合多学科的研究成果，综述了近年来国内外关于铁矿物形态转化影响土壤有机碳固定的相关研究，包括铁矿物形态转化过程、土壤有机碳固定机制、铁矿物形态转化影响土壤有机碳固定的机制及其主要影响因素（各种环境条件、自身的铁矿物性质、碳源质量等方面），强调铁在土壤有机碳固定过程中的重要作用。对铁固定土壤有机碳的相关研究提出了建议，为今后研究提供相关参考。;Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust, which can affect soil organic carbon accumulation in a variety of ways. The stable organic-mineral complex formed by the interaction between iron oxides and soil organic carbon is considered to be the key mechanism for long-term storage of soil dissolved organic carbon. Promoting soil organic carbon sequestration can not only improve soil quality and fertility, but also be an important strategy to address global climate change. However, the effects of iron mineral transformation on the accumulation and stability of soil organic carbon are regulated by many biotic and abiotic factors, due to the active redox reactions of iron and its diverse forms. This paper summarized the recent progresses on the effects of iron mineral transformation on soil organic carbon sequestration, from different perspective and multi-disciplinary research results, including the transformation processes of iron minerals, the mechanisms of organic carbon sequestration, and the main regulative factors of iron mineral transformation affecting soil organic carbon sequestration (environmental conditions, iron mineral properties, carbon substrate quality, etc.), and emphasized the important roles of iron in the soil organic carbon sequestration. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the study of soil organic carbon sequestration by iron for future research.