Original experimental data are reported on processes occurring in the blood after UV irradiation. A study of the content of primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation, vitamin E and the resistance of erythrocytes to hemolysis, catalase activity before and after UV irradiation of animals of different age groups revealed that UV irradiation of the blood changes not only the intensity of the process of lipid peroxidation but also the direction of metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids in the blood cells, exchange of semiproducts between them and the plasma, but also weakens the antioxidant systems of the blood. These processes are age-dependent. Preliminary administration of vitamin E preparations secures a high antioxidant homeostasis in the blood, especially after UV irradiation.