Rhizome diameter,internode length,and the number of cross rhizomes and jumping rhizomes of a Phyllostachys pubescens forest which was used for both bamboo shoots and bamboo poles and whose rhizome shoots were dug out and removed for 8 years were studied.Results showed that compared with the rhizome shoot forests that were not removed:(1) cross rhizome diameters decreased 0.1 cm than main rhizome diameters;(2) the average diameter of the all rhizomes increased 0.30 cm;(3) the average diameter of the main rhizomes increased 0.30-0.70 cm;(4) the average internode length of the all rhizomes increased 0.31 cm;(5) the cross rhizome number significantly increased two(t = 6.006t0.01 = 3.355);and(6) in rhizome shoot forests that were removed,there were no jumping rhizomes.