The effect of heat treatment on microstructure of 10 mm TA17 alloy bar was studied.The characteristic of microstructure of TA17 alloy was appraised.The purpose is to obtain the parameters of processing technic.The experimental results indicate,when heating temperature is below transformation temperature,the microstructure of TA17 alloy bar is equiaxed α and intergranular β or deforming equiaxed α and intergranular β.The grain grows with temperature increasing,the holding time and cooling method have little effect on microstructure.When heating temperature approaches transformation temperature,the microstructure is mixed of coarse equiaxed α and acicular intergranular β,the acicular intergranular β will transform to coarse equiaxed α with holding time prolonging,cooling methods have little effect on microstructure.When heating temperature is above transformation temperature,the microstructure is lath-shaped α and intergranular β in air cooling,the microstructure in water cooling is acicular α'.The holding time has little effect on microstructure.