For monitoring and diagnosing fault of roller bearing of rotating machinery,a new method was presented by combining empirical mode decomposition(EMD) with Hilbert envelope spectrum on the basis of the collection and disposal of roller bearing vibration signals.Having experimented on the roller bearings lab-table and analyzed the data by using EMD,then made the Hilbert envelope spectrum of intrinsic mode functions(IMFs),the result shows that it can identify and diagnose not only the running states but also the fault types exactly.So the method suits for the fault diagnosis of roller bearing,and is of a practical value.