Tunneling transport in a few monolayer-thick WS2/graphene heterojunction

This paper demonstrates the high-quality tunnel barrier characteristics and layer number controlled tunnel resistance of a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) measuring just a few monolayers in thickness. Investigation of vertical transport in WS2 and MoS2 TMDs in graphene/TMD/metal heterostructures revealed that WS2 exhibits tunnel barrier characteristics when its thickness is between 2 and 5 monolayers, whereas MoS2 experiences a transition from tunneling to thermionic emission transport with increasing thickness within the same range. Tunnel resistance in a graphene/WS2/metal heterostructure therefore increases exponentially with the number of WS2 layers, revealing the tunnel barrier height of WS2 to be 0.37 eV.