Pesticide Detection in Vegetable Crops Using Enzyme Inhibition Methods: a Comprehensive Review

One serious environmental problem in the world is food contamination. Many of the environmental pollutants result from agricultural activities. Particularly pesticides, which are commonly used to protect seeds and crops, have serious negative implications for human health. Therefore, biosensors were developed and used to detect pesticides in food and environmental samples in the last few decades. Indeed, utilization of enzyme inhibition method in pesticide detection has received the greatest interest. Therefore, this study screens previous researches on enzyme inhibition biosensors for determining pesticides and highlights different biological sources of these enzymes. The review acts as a guide for the detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides in vegetable crops.Graphical abstract