Cedrol attenuates collagen-induced arthritis in mice and modulates the inflammatory response in LPS-mediated fibroblast-like synoviocytes

, thereby causing the secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ultimately attenuating the progression of inflammation. Meanwhile, the reduction in the mRNA levels of Mmp-13 and Mcp-1 responsible for osteoclastogenesis resistance was detected. This illustrated that CE showed anti-rheumatoid arthritis properties via blocking the phosphorylation of ERK/MAPK and p65/NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-activated FLSs. The current research suggested that CE is an important functional component in ginger, which may be a promising candidate drug for RA therapy.