An Intelligent Algorithm for Solving the Efficient Nash Equilibrium of a Single-Leader Multi-Follower Game

This aim of this paper is to provide the immune particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm for solving the single-leader–multi-follower game (SLMFG). Through cooperating with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and an immune memory mechanism, the IPSO algorithm is designed. Furthermore, we define the efficient Nash equilibrium from the perspective of mathematical economics, which maximizes social welfare and further refines the number of Nash equilibria. In the end, numerical experiments show that the IPSO algorithm has fast convergence speed and high effectiveness.