Review of Plant Protoplast Recalcitrance and Its Physiological and Genetic Bases

Regeneration ability of protoplast is the prerequisite for biotechnology breeding using protoplasts as initial materials.However,protoplast culture of some plant genotypes has not been established successfully at present.This review focused on the phenomenon of plant protoplast recalcitrance and relevant physiological and genetic bases from the aspects of the phenomenon of oxidative stress during the process of protoplast isolation and culture as well as the molecular mechanisms of the difference of regeneration ability of plant protoplasts.